Last data update: May 13, 2024. (Total: 46773 publications since 2009)
Records 1-3 (of 3 Records) |
Query Trace: Levant S[original query] |
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Injury-related deaths before and during the Islamic State insurgency - Baghdad, Iraq, 2010-2015
Goers M , Leidman E , Sultan AS , Hassan A , Bilukha O . Confl Health 2020 14 8 BACKGROUND: Following a period of low intensity conflict during 2009-2012, the emergence of the Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (or Islamic State) in 2013 was associated with a resurgence of violence in Baghdad, Iraq's capital and largest city. We evaluated trends in injury-related deaths in Baghdad before and during the Islamic State insurgency. METHODS: Iraqi National Injury Mortality Surveillance System prospectively collects information on fatal injuries from governorate coroner offices using standardized reporting forms. Trained coroner clerks collect information on victim demographics, intention of injury and mechanism of injury during medical examinations using reports from police and families. We analyzed data on all deaths reported by the Baghdad Forensic Institute from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2015. RESULTS: There were 17,555 injury-related deaths with documented intent and mechanism (range 2385-3347 per year): 6241 from gunfire (36%), 1381 explosions (8%), 1348 non-gunfire assaults (8%), 3435 traffic accidents (20%), and 5150 other unintentional injuries (29%). Rates of gunfire (23.45 per 100,000) and explosion (5.90 per 100,000) deaths were significantly higher in 2014 than in all other years during the review period (p < 0.001 and p = 0.03, respectively). During the same period from 2010 to 2015, traffic accident deaths declined significantly from 13.29 to 6.35 (p = 0.002), with declines observed primarily among pedestrians. Trends in the rate of non-gunfire-assault and unintentional deaths, comparing 2010 and 2015, were not significant (p = 0.12 and p = 0.63, respectively). Unintentional deaths were mostly attributed to burns (46%) and electricity-related injuries (31%). The proportion of both females and children was highest in unintentional injury deaths. CONCLUSIONS: During the study period, deaths from both gunfire and explosions in Baghdad peaked in 2014, corresponding with emergence of the Islamic State. Trends suggest a potential impact of insurgency-related activity on other injuries as evidenced by a decrease in the death rate from traffic accidents. The decreased traffic-related death rate could be from decreased vehicle and pedestrian activity during times of violence. Monitoring trends in injury mortality during conflict allows Iraq to identify priority injury causes to inform public health interventions. |
Record matching between the National Hospital Care Survey and the National Death Index
Levant S , Wolford M . Proc Am Stat Assoc 2015 0 1-16 Linking the National Hospital Care Survey (NHCS) with the National Death Index (NDI) provides information on the outcomes of hospitalizations and allows for analysis of individual and provider characteristics associated with in-hospital and post-discharge mortality. We test the viability of confirming hospital mortality through the linkage of preliminary 2011 NHCS data for "known dead" inpatient discharges (i.e., patients that died during a hospitalization) with the NDI, assessing the true match rate and the quality of the match. We then expand the analysis to identify patients with a 30-, 60-, and 90-day post-discharge mortality. The true match rate for the "known dead" is 94 percent. |
Pulmonary hypertension surveillance: United States, 2001 to 2010
George MG , Schieb LJ , Ayala C , Talwalkar A , Levant S . Chest 2014 146 (2) 476-95 Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an uncommon but progressive condition, and much of what we know about it comes from specialized disease registries. With expanding research into the diagnosis and treatment of PH, it is important to provide updated surveillance on the impact of this disease on hospitalizations and mortality. This study, which builds on previous PH surveillance of mortality and hospitalization, analyzed mortality data from the National Vital Statistics System and data from the National Hospital Discharge Survey between 2001 and 2010. PH deaths were identified using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes I27.0, I27.2, I27.8, or I27.9 as any contributing cause of death on the death certificate. Hospital discharges associated with PH were identified using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes 416.0, 416.8, or 416.9 as one of up to seven listed medical diagnoses. The decline in death rates associated with PH among men from 1980 to 2005 has reversed and now shows a significant increasing trend. Similarly, the death rates for women with PH have continued to increase significantly during the past decade. PH-associated mortality rates for those aged 85 years and older have accelerated compared with rates for younger age groups. There have been significant declines in PH-associated mortality rates for those with pulmonary embolism and emphysema. Rates of hospitalization for PH have increased significantly for both men and women during the past decade; for those aged 85 years and older, hospitalization rates have nearly doubled. Continued surveillance helps us understand and address the evolving trends in hospitalization and mortality associated with PH and PH-associated conditions, especially regarding sex, age, and race/ethnicity disparities. |
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